Risk Management for Bridge Networks: Sustainability & Connectivity

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Introduction 

Bridges are critical infrastructures that often face damage from natural aging and extreme events like earthquakes. Over time, their structural integrity can degrade, increasing vulnerability and operational risks. The combined effects of seismic activity and material deterioration pose significant threats to network safety. A proactive risk management approach is essential for ensuring long-term serviceability. This study introduces a comprehensive framework to evaluate and prioritize bridge interventions.

Seismic Fragility Analysis of Bridges 

Seismic fragility analysis assesses the vulnerability of bridges under different earthquake intensities. It quantifies the probability of failure or damage based on structural parameters and seismic load scenarios. This analysis provides critical insight into which bridges are most likely to fail during seismic events. It forms the foundation of the broader risk management strategy. Accurate fragility assessments help in making data-driven decisions for retrofitting and planning.

Multi-Attribute Utility Ranking Method 

To address the complexity of prioritizing bridge projects, a multi-attribute utility method is employed. This approach combines several performance indicators—structural condition, network role, and sustainability metrics—into a single prioritization index. Unlike traditional single-factor methods, this comprehensive model accounts for broader impacts. It ensures that decisions are not skewed toward any one attribute. The result is a more balanced and holistic prioritization of bridge interventions.

Integrating Sustainability and Network Connectivity 

Sustainability and network connectivity are crucial for resilient transportation systems. The proposed framework integrates economic, environmental, and social factors alongside connectivity indicators. This inclusion ensures that decisions do not solely focus on immediate repair needs but also consider long-term regional development and mobility. Network centrality and redundancy are evaluated to maintain continuity in transport services. This leads to better planning across diverse infrastructure goals.

Risk Management Strategies: Retrofitting vs. New Construction 

Two key strategies are considered—retrofitting old bridges and constructing new ones. Retrofitting is cost-effective and quickly improves weak links, while new construction supports expanding or rerouting the network. The proposed framework guides when to apply each strategy based on condition, location, and impact. It ensures efficient resource allocation by focusing on real network needs. This dual-path approach improves resilience without unnecessary investment.

Case Study: Regional Bridge Network Validation 

The framework is applied to a regional bridge network to test its real-world effectiveness. Simulation results show that retrofitting guided by the ranking method improves all key performance indicators. Unlike single-attribute methods, it avoids imbalances like overemphasis on one metric. The framework also enhances connectivity and reduces the likelihood of total network failure. This validation demonstrates the practical value of the proposed model for policy and planning.

Conclusion 

The proposed risk management framework offers a robust, integrated method for prioritizing bridge maintenance and development. By combining seismic fragility, sustainability, and connectivity into a unified approach, it ensures balanced, long-term infrastructure resilience. Case study results confirm the model's capability to guide strategic decisions across multiple dimensions. Bridge managers can use this method for systematic, informed planning. Ultimately, it supports safer, more sustainable transport networks.

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#BridgeInfrastructure, #RiskManagement, #SustainableEngineering, #NetworkConnectivity, #InfrastructureResilience, #BridgeSafety, #TransportPlanning, #CivilEngineering, #InfrastructureRisk, #ClimateAdaptation, #StructuralEngineering, #SmartInfrastructure, #UrbanConnectivity, #BridgeNetworks, #SustainableBridges, #DisasterPreparedness, #RiskMitigation, #InfrastructureStrategy, #ResilientCities, #SystemReliability, #BridgeManagement, #LifelineInfrastructure, #TransportNetworks, #InfrastructureSustainability, #UrbanTransport


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