Excellence in Research Award Celebration

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Changes in selenium bioavailability in selenium

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INTRODUCTION This study explores how differing irrigation regimes and organic amendments shape selenium (Se) behaviour in naturally Se‑rich paddy soils. By comparing continuous flooding (CF) with alternating wet‑dry (AWD) cycles and evaluating cotton‑straw biochar (BC) versus sheep manure (SM) at two dosage levels, the work seeks to clarify why Se sometimes remains locked in soil and how it can be mobilised for healthier rice production. WATER‑MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES Switching from CF to AWD proved pivotal: periodic drainage not only elevated root‑surface iron‑plaque formation but also boosted rhizospheric affinity for Se. AWD further hastened the shift from weakly organic‑bound forms toward soluble and exchangeable fractions, creating a more plant‑available Se pool without relying solely on chemical inputs. ORGANIC AMENDMENTS AND RATES Amendment chemistry mattered. A modest 10 g kg⁻¹ SM dose maximised Se bioavailability—especially under AWD—while BC repeatedly suppressed it. Manure’s...
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Extremely Large Telescope Threatened by Energy Project in Chile

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  The Atacama Desert in northern Chile is renowned for its exceptional conditions for astronomical observation. Its clear, dark skies have attracted multiple world-class observatories. However, a proposed green energy megaproject threatens to disrupt these conditions. This project, backed by AES Andes, aims to construct an extensive energy infrastructure for hydrogen and green ammonia production. Its proximity to the Paranal Observatory, home to the European Southern Observatory’s Extremely Large Telescope, poses risks to astronomical research. Importance of the Atacama Desert for Astronomy The Atacama Desert is considered one of the best locations on Earth for astronomical studies. Its high altitude and minimal light pollution provide ideal conditions. The Paranal Observatory is a key facility in this region, which has become a hub for nearly 40% of the world’s ground-based astronomy. The area is expected to increase this capacity to 60% within the next decade. The Extremely Large...
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Increasing Frequency of Multi-Year Droughts Worldwide

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  Multi-year droughts (MYDs) are increasingly common and severe, as brought into light by a recent 40-year study. The research indicates that these droughts have expanded globally, impacting ecosystems and water supplies. This trend is linked to climate change, which exacerbates drought conditions. The study, conducted by a consortium of researchers from various institutions, analysed data from 1980 to 2018. About Multi-Year DroughtsMulti-year droughts are prolonged dry periods lasting two years or more. These events lead to soil moisture depletion. They also result in reduced streamflow, which can have severe consequences for agriculture and ecosystems. MYDs can cause massive crop failures and increased tree mortality. The study identified 13,176 MYDs from 1980 to 2018, each representing an event of duration. Global Impact of Droughts The research showed that the global land area affected by MYDs has increased by approximately 50,000 square kilometres annually. The most affected r...
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